The density of Hassium results from its high atomic weight and from the significant decrease in ionic radii of the elements in the lanthanide series, known as lanthanide and actinide contraction.

It has an estimated density of 40.7 x 10 3 kg/m 3. The most stable known isotope, 269Hs, has a half-life of approximately 9.7 seconds.

It is a synthetic element (first synthesised at Hasse in Germany) and radioactive. Hassium is a chemical element with symbol Hs and atomic number 108. If we include man made elements, the densest so far is Hassium. The densest material found on earth is the metal osmium, but its density pales by comparison to the densities of exotic astronomical objects such as white dwarf stars and neutron stars. Since nucleons ( protons and neutrons) make up most of the mass of ordinary atoms, the density of normal matter tends to be limited by how closely we can pack these nucleons and depends on the internal atomic structure of a substance. The atomic number density (N atoms/cm 3) of a pure material having atomic or molecular weight (M grams/mol) and the material density (⍴ gram/cm 3) is easily computed from the following equation using Avogadro’s number ( N A = 6.022×10 23 atoms or molecules per mole): The atomic number density (N atoms/cm 3), which is associated with atomic radii, is the number of atoms of a given type per unit volume (V cm 3) of the material. Therefore it is determined by the mass number (number of protons and neutrons). The atomic mass is carried by the atomic nucleus, which occupies only about 10 -12 of the total volume of the atom or less, but it contains all the positive charge and at least 99.95% of the total mass of the atom. Since the density (ρ) of a substance is the total mass (m) of that substance divided by the total volume (V) occupied by that substance, it is obvious, the density of a substance strongly depends on its atomic mass and also on the atomic number density (N atoms/cm 3), Density – Atomic Mass and Atomic Number Density The Standard English unit is pounds mass per cubic foot ( lbm/ft 3). The standard SI unit is kilograms per cubic meter ( kg/m 3). In words, the density (ρ) of a substance is the total mass (m) of that substance divided by the total volume (V) occupied by that substance. It is an intensive property, which is mathematically defined as mass divided by volume: Typical densities of various substances are at atmospheric pressure.ĭensity is defined as the mass per unit volume. This fact has key implications for the building up of the periodic table of elements. The ordering of the electrons in the ground state of multielectron atoms, starts with the lowest energy state (ground state) and moves progressively from there up the energy scale until each of the atom’s electrons has been assigned a unique set of quantum numbers. It is the Pauli exclusion principle that requires the electrons in an atom to occupy different energy levels instead of them all condensing in the ground state. In the periodic table, the elements are listed in order of increasing atomic number Z. The number of electrons in each element’s electron shells, particularly the outermost valence shell, is the primary factor in determining its chemical bonding behavior. The configuration of these electrons follows from the principles of quantum mechanics. The chemical properties of the atom are determined by the number of protons, in fact, by number and arrangement of electrons. See also: Atomic Number – Does it conserve in a nuclear reaction? Atomic Number and Chemical PropertiesĮvery solid, liquid, gas, and plasma is composed of neutral or ionized atoms. It is the electrons that are responsible for the chemical bavavior of atoms, and which identify the various chemical elements. In a neutral atom there are as many electrons as protons moving about nucleus. The total electrical charge of the nucleus is therefore +Ze, where e (elementary charge) equals to 1,602 x 10 -19 coulombs. Total number of protons in the nucleus is called the atomic number of the atom and is given the symbol Z. The nucleus is composed of protons and neutrons.

The atom consist of a small but massive nucleus surrounded by a cloud of rapidly moving electrons.

K) 23.1 Thermal Conductivity 237 Specific Heat 0.9 Heat of Fusion 10.79 Heat of Vaporization 293.4 Atomic Number of AluminiumĪluminium is a chemical element with atomic number 13 which means there are 13 protons and 13 electrons in the atomic structure.

Aluminium – Properties Element Aluminium Atomic Number 13 Symbol Al Element Category Poor Metal Phase at STP Solid Atomic Mass 26.9815 Density at STP 2.7 Electron Configuration 3s2 3p1 Possible Oxidation States -2 -1 +1 +2 +3 Electron Affinity 42.5 Electronegativity 1.61 1st Ionization Energy 5.9858 Year of Discovery 1825 Discoverer Oersted, Hans Christian Thermal properties Melting Point 660 Boiling Point 2467 Thermal Expansion µm/(m

Symbol of aluminium